This one is really important. The purpose is to ensure against hydro-lock. What is "hydro-lock"?
That's what happens if fuel leaks down into a cylinder while the bike is parked, and you go to
start it. The piston in the filled cylinder tries to compress the air-fuel mixture, but instead it slams into the incompressible fuel. On the Valkyrie, the starter motor is so strong that it
destroys the starter and/or ring gears. With NO warning, you're walkin and about to shell out a couple thou to fix it. You have to pull the engine and split the cases which gets spendy.
"Oh, but no problemo, that's what the vacuum petcock is for, even if I forget to turn it off..."
Nice try. That $150 petcock is a P.O.S. It leaks. I've replaced mine once under warranty, and
cleaned sand out of it several times. All it needs is a little sand in it, and you have a leak. It WILL get sand in it
- there's no fuel filter, just an inadequate screen tube, and fuel from the pump is notoriously unclean. Have you ever been surprised that you didn't hit reserve yet - you usually hit it 20 miles
ago? Oh, OK, there it's stumbling, guess I just got some great mileage. Hey wait a minute - I turned the petcock, how come it's still stumbling? Oops. Because you've already used up your
reserve, thanks to that leaking P.O.S. The OEM also uses a ball & detent valve - if the ball isn't properly centered on the hole, it's not seated and will pass fuel. So you can also leak if the vacuum failed AND you manually shut it off - but didn't seat it properly. Having the "off" position of the petcock between the "on" and "reserve" makes it imperative to insure you are actually in the "off" position. Most petcocks are different in that the "off" position is fully to the end of the motion of the selector which leaves no room for missing the mark as you can with the stock unit.
OK, so now the petcock leaks, doesn't shutoff either manually or by vacuum - now you're depending on ALL SIX carburetor float valves to not leak. But the sand is already getting through the screen tube and the petcock, guess where it goes next? All you need is ONE grain of sand to block ONE float needle valve open, and for the engine to stop - one chance in four - with the intake valve for that cylinder open. (That's a duration of approx 180° out of 720° of
the 4-cycle engine's possible states.) Sounds a bit like Russian Roulette, only with worse odds, but not quite so bad results.
There are other ways to address this concern. Some folks replace the petcock with a Pingle. Not a bad idea - though it's more spendy, and they don't have one that hooks up to the knob so
you have to reach under there. Around $120 or so, if I recall. Another fix, is to install a fuel filter
to keep the sand out. Well, that's a good idea - but not great. Only helps if the leakage is caused only by crud in the gas. Could happen for other reasons too, like worn parts, or failing
gaskets. Some folks do two, even all of these anti-leaking solutions. A bonus benefit of the "belly tank" - if you're not familiar with it, do a search on the VRCC club site - is, fuel is fed to the engine
via a fuel pump from the lower tank which is fed by gravity from the OEM tank. When the pump is off, there's no gravity feed passing through it - it acts like a valve. I've never heard any reports of hydrolock
happening with a belly tank installed. HOWEVER - I have heard stories of the vacuum diaphram failing in the petcock, and fuel passing through the cracked diaphram, down the vacuum line to #6 and hydrolocking it. Even the Dan-Marc won't stop that scenario. However both the fuel valve diaphram and the vacuum diaphram have to fail for there to be a path for the fuel to pass down the vacuum line - and there is a vent between them, so if the fuel diaphram cracks, fuel will leak out the vent and you will know you have a failure from the leak. If the vacuum diaphram cracks, you will also know it because the bike won't run with the vacuum diaphram remaining closed due to the leak. There is a mod to change the OEM petcock to full manual, and eliminate the vacuum function - and close off the vacuum line. Here's a thread by Gryphon Rider posted on the VRCC board, on that mod: http://www.valkyrieforum.com/bbs/index.php?topic=37577.0 Just do a search over there if the link breaks.
Installing a Dan-Marc electric shutoff valve gets the most bang for the buck. The valve is about
$29 online including shipping. Fuel line and fittings, $10 at most. And you have a system that will pass gas only when the ignition is on - and there is a vacuum (engine is running) - and the
petcock is turned on. Unless the petcock has failed. Then the ignition shut-off is your fail-safe backup. Bonus - you can install a switch in a hidden location, say on the handlebar under a lever,
and you have an anti-hijack/theft device.
Incidentally - This Dan-Marc electric fuel shutoff works so well, I installed one on my Honda Harmony garden tractor too!
The tractor has a fuel shutoff I didn't even know about - didn't read the manual, and it's tucked under the air cleaner.
After a dozen years, the tractor started running really bad. Way rich. Thought the float had sunk, or the float valve stuck open.
The crankcase had 21oz of gas in it - but couldn't find a problem with the float valve. Found the fuel valve is VERY touchy about
it's position. What a PITA. Can't get parts anymore for the H2013 - but did find a carb on ebay. Replaced the carb, and installed a
Dan-Marc and fuel filter. No more problem, and I can STILL neglect to shut the fuel off - it's automatic now!
EDIT 05/2017: Found I had a fuel starve problem pulling a heavy camper trailer. Recommend going to the bigger 1/4" orifice valve - P/N as of now 79-AFC1211412. Read more at
post on the VRCC board, on that mod: http://www.valkyrieforum.com/bbs/index.php/topic=84264.0 If the link breaks use advanced search for "Belly tank modified" post by MarkT.